At least 10 people were killed and several injured yesterday (8) as Nepal Police fired tear gas and water cannons to disperse demonstrations led by youths against a Government ban on social media sites in Kathmandu.

“Until now 10 protesters have died and 87 are injured,” Kathmandu Valley Police Spokesperson Shekhar Khanal told Agence France-Presse (AFP).

The Army has been deployed to control the situation, military officials said.

Thousands of youths, including school students, under the banner of ‘Gen Z’, clashed with the riot Police in front of the Parliament building in Kathmandu.

The protests turned violent when some agitators entered the Parliament complex, prompting the Police to resort to baton charges, tear gas shells and rubber bullets to disperse the crowd, the Press Trust of India reported citing eyewitnesses.

Several social media sites – including Facebook, YouTube and X – have been inaccessible in Nepal since 5 September after the Government blocked 26 unregistered platforms, leaving users angry and confused.

Information Officer at the nearby civil hospital Ranjana Nepal said that their emergency ward was packed with those injured after the clashes.

The Kathmandu District Administration issued a prohibitory order from 12.30 p.m. to 10 p.m. in areas surrounding the Parliament building to curb the unrest. “No movement of people, demonstration, meeting, gathering or sit-in will be allowed in the restricted zone,” the Chief District Officer Chhabi Lal Rijal said in a notice. The Local Administration later extended the restrictive order to various areas surrounding the Rashtrapati Bhawan, the Vice-President’s residence and the Prime Minister’s Office.

Waving national flags, young demonstrators in the capital city Kathmandu started the protest with the national anthem before unleashing chants against the social media prohibitions and corruption. “Stop the ban on social media, stop corruption not social media,” the crowds chanted, waving the red and blue national flags. Protesters pushed through barbed wires and forced riot Police to retreat as they surrounded the Parliament building. Police fired tear gas and water cannons but were outnumbered and sought safety inside the Parliament complex. “Tear gas and water cannons were used after the protestors breached into the restricted area,” Khanal told AFP. “Many on both sides are injured.”

Popular platforms such as Instagram have millions of users in Nepal who rely on them for entertainment, news and business.

“We were triggered by the social media ban but that is not the only reason we are gathered here,” said student Yujan Rajbhandari, 24. “We are protesting against corruption that has been institutionalised in Nepal,” he said.

Similar protests have been organised in other cities as well.

Another student, Ikshama Tumrok, 20, said that she was protesting against the “authoritarian attitude” of the Government. “We want to see change. Others have endured this, but it has to end with our generation,” she told AFP.

Since the ban, videos contrasting the struggles of ordinary Nepalis with the children of politicians flaunting luxury goods and expensive vacations have gone viral on TikTok, which is still operating.

“There have been movements abroad against corruption and they (the Government) are afraid that that might happen here as well,” said protester Bhumika Bharati.

About two dozen social network platforms that are widely used in Nepal were repeatedly given notices to register their companies officially in the country, the Government said. The affected companies were given seven days to register in Nepal, establish a point of contact and designate a resident grievance handling officer and compliance officer. Those which failed to register have been blocked since last week.

The decision came after a Supreme Court order in September of last year (2024).

TikTok, Viber and three other platforms have registered and operate without interruption.

The move by the authorities came as the Government sent a bill for a debate in the Parliament that wants to ensure that social platforms are “properly managed, responsible and accountable.”

The bill has been widely criticised as a tool for censorship and punishing Government opponents who voice their protests online. Rights groups have called it an attempt by the Government to curb freedom of expression and violate fundamental rights.

In a statement on 7 September, the Government said that it respected freedom of thought and expression and was committed to “creating an environment for their protection and unfettered use”.

Nepal has restricted access to popular online platforms in the past.

The Government blocked access to the messaging app Telegram in July, citing a rise in online fraud and money laundering.

It lifted a nine-month ban on TikTok in August of last year after the platform agreed to comply with Nepali regulations.

(The New Indian Express)